Land Use Science in Action

Hotter and drier growing seasons in Serbia are driving shifts in agricultural practices and irrigation decisions

POTENTIAL INCREASES IN WATER SCARCITY AS THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR ADAPTS

• Water scarcity in agricultural regions is worsening as the Earth warms.
• Urgent need for local and regional analyses to formulate precision adaptation measures.
• Analyses integrating remote sensing, hydrological modeling, and economic modeling can
  project future water scarcity and farmers’ responses via crop choice and irrigation investment.
• NASA’s Earth observations are critical to track short-term (crop growth and seasonal water
  use) and long-term (crop system transitions, irrigation investment) agricultural responses to
  drought and target climate adaptation measures.

A Remote Sensing Analysis of Heat Stress, LCLUC, and Women’s Health in sub-Saharan Africa

Understanding impacts and interactions to inform adaptation strategies.

• Climate change is increasing the duration, intensity, and frequency of extreme heat events in sub-Saharan Africa.
• Human activity is driving rapid LCLUC, putting pressure on agricultural production, threatening food security, and challenging livelihood strategies.
• Extreme heat and LCLUC disproportionately impact women, yet less attention is given to these effects.
• NASA remote sensing tools can be used to study extreme heat exposure and LCLUC processes to better understand risks and develop successful adaptation strategies.

Irrigation as climate-change adaptation in the Cerrado Biome of Brazil evaluated with new quantitative methods, socio-economic analysis, and scenario models

LCLUC ANALYSIS CAN SHIFT IRRIGATION POLICY FOR CLIMATE ADAPTATION

• Agricultural expansion in the Brazilian Cerrado drives the loss of primary vegetation and the gain of irrigation for export-oriented monocultures of soy, maize, and cotton.
• Climate change reduces water availability, increases water demand, and aggravates socio-ecological conflicts. 
• Understanding irrigation, specifically its distribution, effectiveness, and alternatives, is essential for understanding adaptation to climate change. 
• Development of LCLUC methods is essential to analyze drivers and impacts of land change.

Assessing the impact of urban land conversion on local and regional surface climate and its socio-economic consequence in Western North Africa

Research on specific physical processes associated with urbanization to assess the impact of urban land conversion on regional-scale surface climate and its impact on society.

• Urbanization affects surface climate by reducing the vegetation fraction, transpiration, water infiltration and consequent increase in surface runoff and flash-flooding
• Mapping the extent of urban land conversion allows to assess the impact of land cover and land use and provides means to prioritize actions.
• Modeling land surface processes using remote sensing will strengthen the predictive
  capabilities and offer a baseline for decision making and planning

Wildfire risk varies with shifting landcover and land use practices in southern Greece

Diverse landcover in the Mediterranean region necessitates localized approaches to reduce fire risk

• Urgent need for fire risk analyses given projected increase in Mediterranean wildfire activity
• Landcover and land use changes can both increase and decrease fire risk
• Remote sensing, combined with fire simulation modeling, can identify areas with high wildfire exposure and detrimental impacts
• NASA’s Earth observation record provides critical data for assessing risk change over time
• Modeled fire risk is essential for guiding landowner and resource manager decision making